本安装文档的脚本下载： 在Oracle Linux 6.5上安装Oracle 10gR2 的最佳实践【Maclean版】脚本
有很多同学来咨询如何顺利在ORACLE/REDHAT linux 6上安装ORACLE 10gR2，由于10gR2的初始版本10.2.0.1是在2005年发布的，而最早的Linux 6也是在2010年发布的(Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 (Santiago), 10 November 2010 Uses Linux kernel 2.6.32-71[17]) ，所以 10.2.0.1 对redhat/oracle linux 6都是不支持的； 即便是2010年发布的10.2.0.5对linux 6的兼容性也不佳。
这里最主要需要解决的几个问题：
1、 对于ORACLE 10gR2而言编译LINK需要用到GCC 3.4，但是Linux 6默认用的是GCC 4.4，所以需要安装必要的gcc兼容包
2、需要安装必要的libX 32bit的包 libXp.i686 libXt.i686 libXtst.i686等，保证java图形化界面启动
3、Linux 6的Network eth0等网络接口默认不启动
4、Linux 6的Firewall和SELINUX 现在不会在FirstBoot时可以禁用，需要安装后手动禁用
下面是安装步骤：
首先下载和在Vbox上安装Linux 6，我们选择ORACLE Linux 6.5，介质下载地址：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1jG1DfM2 即V41362-01.iso
安装时指定Software包时选择Desktop即可
Linux 6不能用root登录图形化界面，需要在Firstboot时创建一个用户并登录图形化界面，登录后点击右上角的网络图标，并启用默认的连接 connect automatically 并设置静态IP
设置完IP 后注意/etc/hosts中的设置要正确：
[root@mac02 ~]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 192.168.1.109 mac02 mac02.oracle.com [root@mac02 ~]# ping mac02 PING mac02 (192.168.1.109) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from mac02 (192.168.1.109): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.026 ms 64 bytes from mac02 (192.168.1.109): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.039 ms ^C --- mac02 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1053ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.026/0.032/0.039/0.008 ms [root@mac02 ~]# ping mac02.oracle.com PING mac02 (192.168.1.109) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from mac02 (192.168.1.109): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.020 ms 64 bytes from mac02 (192.168.1.109): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.041 ms ^C www.askmac.cn --- mac02 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1326ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.020/0.030/0.041/0.011 ms
注意这里禁用FireWALL
禁用FIREWALL ，后 还需要禁用SELINUX，修改/etc/selinux/config
将SELINUX=enforced 修改为SELINUX=disabled
之后init 6 重启OS
重启完成后 虚拟机再次加载之前下载的V41362-01.iso镜像，之后我们要安装一系列必要的rpm包
以下配置YUM:
[root@mac02 ~]# mkdir /media/disk [root@mac02 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media/disk mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only [root@mac02 ~]# [root@mac02 ~]# cd /media/disk/ touch /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-el6.repo vi /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-el6.repo [oel6] name = Enterprise Linux 6.5 DVD baseurl=file:///media/disk/Server/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=1
并删除 默认的YUM文件：rm /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-ol6.repo
下面安装RPM包，必须安装如下的glibc.i686 libXp.i686 libXt.i686 libXtst.i686否则图形化界面起不来， 注意以下少了任意一个都可能导致编译出错：
su - root yum install oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall yum install glibc.i686 yum install libXp.i686 yum install libXt.i686 yum install libXtst.i686 yum install glibc-devel.i686 yum install compat-libstdc++-296.i686 yum install compat-libstdc++-33.i686 yum install libstdc++.i686 yum install libstdc++-devel.i686 yum install compat-gcc-34.x86_64
上面安装完oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall 后，已经拥有oracle用户，配置密码并创建目录:
[root@mac02 yum.repos.d]# passwd oracle [root@mac02 yum.repos.d]# mkdir /s01 [root@mac02 yum.repos.d]# chown oracle:oinstall /s01 [root@mac02 yum.repos.d]# su - oracle [oracle@mac02 ~]$ id uid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba) [oracle@mac02 ~]$ ulimit -a core file size (blocks, -c) 0 data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited scheduling priority (-e) 0 file size (blocks, -f) unlimited pending signals (-i) 31449 max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64 max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited open files (-n) 1024 pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8 POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200 real-time priority (-r) 0 stack size (kbytes, -s) 10240 cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited max user processes (-u) 2047 virtual memory (kbytes, -v) unlimited file locks (-x) unlimited
上传 ORACLE 10g介质 10.2.0.1 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio 和 10.2.0.5 patchset p8202632_10205_Linux-x86-64.zip 2个介质
(注意 在国内下载到这些介质是很容易的事，如果你找不到，那么只能说你不太适合这个行当。。。)
以Oracle用户登录 虚拟机图形化界面(必须是ORACLE用户登录图形化界面)
解压安装包 [oracle@mac02 ~]$ cpio -idvm < 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio [oracle@mac02 ~]$ unzip p8202632_10205_Linux-x86-64.zip [oracle@mac02 ~]$ cd database/ [oracle@mac02 database]$ ./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs runInstaller 启动安装10.2.0.1 的安装界面
注意由于10.2.0.1 并不认证Linux 6 所以编译过程中出错很正常，直接点击continue继续即可，到10.2.0.5升级时我们保证升级的LINK全部顺利通过即可，无需在此处纠结
安装最后一步需要 root 用户执行2个脚本，必须要执行：
[root@mac02 ~]# /s01/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /s01/oraInventory to 770.
Changing groupname of /s01/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete
[root@mac02 ~]#
[root@mac02 ~]# /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh
Running Oracle10 root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
返回oracle的虚拟机图形界面窗口 , 安装10.2.0.5 补丁：
[oracle@mac02 ~]$ cd Disk1/
[oracle@mac02 Disk1]$ ./runInstaller
最后切换到root 执行root.sh
[root@mac02 logs]# /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh
完成上述步骤后 为oracle 用户设置环境变量
su - oracle vi .bash_profile export ORACLE_HOME=/s01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1 export ORACLE_BASE=/s01 export ORACLE_SID=MACLEAN export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data export NLS_LANG=American_America.AL32UTF8
Oracle用户在图形化界面上LOGOUT 后再次登录 以便使profile生效
之后就可以用dbca建库了：
oracle用户登录图形化界面(必须！)，打开terminal 输入dbca
输入你之前指定的ORACLE_SID的信息，如上面的MACLEAN
dbca完成后，可以登录已创建的MACLEAN实例了：
SQL> select * from v$version; BANNER ---------------------------------------------------------------- Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bi PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production CORE 10.2.0.5.0 Production TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production SQL> SQL> !uname -a Linux mac02.oracle.com 3.8.13-16.2.1.el6uek.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 7 17:01:44 PST 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux SQL> !cat /etc/issue Oracle Linux Server release 6.5 Kernel \r on an \m SQL> !lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on 27-DEC-2013 01:54:03 Copyright (c) 1991, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521)) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production Start Date 27-DEC-2013 01:52:06 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 57 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Log File /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=mac02)(PORT=1521))) The listener supports no services The command completed successfully SQL> alter system set local_listener='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=mac02)(PORT=1521)))'; System altered. SQL> alter system register; System altered. SQL> !lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on 27-DEC-2013 01:54:43 Copyright (c) 1991, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521)) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production Start Date 27-DEC-2013 01:52:06 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 2 min. 37 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Log File /s01/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=mac02)(PORT=1521))) Services Summary... Service "MACLEAN" has 1 instance(s). Instance "MACLEAN", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "MACLEANXDB" has 1 instance(s). Instance "MACLEAN", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "MACLEAN_XPT" has 1 instance(s). Instance "MACLEAN", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully 远程登录 [oracle@mac02 ~]$ sqlplus system/oracle@mac02:1521/MACLEAN SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Fri Dec 27 01:55:14 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All Rights Reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
非常感谢你的分享。我采用与你相同的环境，能够顺利安装好RDBMS。但是我在装完10.02.5补丁后，无法使用DBCA创建数据库。遇到ORA-01092错误。后来经过查询，发现Oracle bug ticket756617.1与我遇到的问题相似。不知道你否在新建数据库时也遇到了麻烦？
[oracle@mlab2 ~]$ oerr ora 109201092, 00000, “ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced”// *Cause: The instance this process was connected to was terminated// abnormally, probably via a shutdown abort. This process// was forced to disconnect from the instance.// *Action: Examine the alert log for more details. When the instance has been // restarted, retry action.这个报错需要具体分析alert.log