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适用于：
Oracle Database – Enterprise Edition – 版本10.2.0.1 及以上
本文信息适用于任何平台。
10-May-2013检查相关性
症状
注意关于平台：虽然’/etc/sysconfig/oracleasm’只适用于Linux环境，类似的错误可能会出现并影响使用多路径设备的非Linux环境。
Mount ASM 磁盘组失败，出现：ORA-15186, ORA-15025, ORA-15063
alert_+ASM.log:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
…
注：Loaded library: /opt/oracle/extapi/64/asm/orcl/1/libasm.so
ORA-15186: ASMLIB error function = [asm_open(global)], error = [1], mesg = [Operation not permitted]
ORA-15025: could not open disk “ORCL:DISCO01BKP”
ORA-15186: ASMLIB error function = [asm_open(global)], error = [1], mesg = [Operation not permitted]
ORA-15025: could not open disk “ORCL:DISCO02BKP”
ORA-15186: ASMLIB error function = [asm_open(global)], error = [1], mesg = [Operation not permitted]
ORA-15025: could not open disk “ORCL:DISCO03BKP”
ORA-15186: ASMLIB error function = [asm_open(global)], error = [1], mesg = [Operation not permitted]
ORA-15025: could not open disk “ORCL:DISCO04BKP”
ORA-15186: ASMLIB error function = [asm_open(global)], error = [1], mesg = [Operation not permitted]
ORA-15025: could not open disk “ORCL:DISCO05BKP”
ERROR: no PST quorum in group: required 2, found 0
…
ERROR: diskgroup DATA2 was not mounted
ORA-15032: not all alterations performed
ORA-15017: diskgroup “DATA2” cannot be mounted
ORA-15063: ASM discovered an insufficient number of disks for diskgroup “DATA2”
原因
所有asmlib 磁盘显示在ASM的v$asm_disk视图中，但它们的 HEADER_STATUS=UNKNOWN
但ASMLIB 查看磁盘：
$ /etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks
DISCO01BKP
DISCO02BKP
DISCO03BKP
DISCO04BKP
DISCO05BKP
asmlib磁盘的列表，显示他们的主次编号（从左边开始第一组编号）：
$ ls -l /dev/oracleasm/disks
brw-rw—- 1 oracle oinstall 8, 1 Dec 8 10:31 DISCO01BKP
brw-rw—- 1 oracle oinstall 8, 17 Dec 8 10:31 DISCO02BKP
brw-rw—- 1 oracle oinstall 8, 33 Dec 8 10:31 DISCO03BKP
brw-rw—- 1 oracle oinstall 8, 49 Dec 8 10:31 DISCO04BKP
brw-rw—- 1 oracle oinstall 8, 65 Dec 8 10:31 DISCO05BKP
‘cat /proc/partitions’显示asmlib设备被链接到‘sd’设备，而不是‘多路径(dm)’设备。这些asmlib设备在该问题之前是被链接到多路径设备的：
major minor #blocks name
8 1 209712478 sda1
8 17 209712478 sdb1
8 33 209712478 sdc1
8 49 209712478 sdd1
8 65 209712478 sde1
…
253 0 209715200 dm-0
253 1 209715200 dm-1
253 2 209715200 dm-2
253 3 209715200 dm-3
253 4 209715200 dm-4
解决方案
与将asmlib设备映射到多路径设备相关的asmlib 文件 (/etc/sysconfig/oracleasm) ，似乎未对多路径配置：
ORACLEASM_ENABLED=true
ORACLEASM_UID=oracle
ORACLEASM_GID=oinstall
ORACLEASM_SCANBOOT=true
ORACLEASM_SCANORDER=””
ORACLEASM_SCANEXCLUDE=””
在ORACLEASM_SCANORDER 和 ORACLEASM_EXCLUDE 在/etc/sysconfig/oracleasm中被更新后，ASM就能以v$asm_disk.header_status=MEMBER显示asmlib磁盘。因此，ASM 能够mount 磁盘组。
ORACLEASM_SCANORDER=”mpath dm”
ORACLEASM_SCANEXCLUDE=”sd”
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